Europe's Energy Portal - The Power of Renewable Energy

Europe’s Energy Portal – Solar panels reflect clouds forming the European continent

*	How much is EURO95 in Spain today?
*	What does the EU Energy Label mean?
*	When does the world run out of oil?
*	What are the new gas routes to the EU?

Make sure you consult our
professional services for key
energy data and statistics.

The EU appoints Germany's Guenther Oettinger as new energy commissioner

The European Union has appointed Germany's Guenther Oettinger to replace the Latvian Andris Piebalgs as energy commissioner.

The appointment of Oettinger, the current governor of the German state of Baden-Wuerttemberg, still needs approval from the European Parliament.

Oettinger, 56, was nominated by German Chancellor Angela Merkel. Born in Stuttgart in 1953, Oettinger studied law at the University of Tuebingen and has been a lawmaker in the state assembly in Stuttgart since 1984.

The EU appointment must be approved after hearings in January 2010.

Commissioner Piebalgs welcomes the adoption of the Tyre labelling regulation by Council and Parliament
IP/09/1820 Date: 25/11/2009
EC takes action against Greece for non-notification of the transposition of a Euratom directive
IP/09/1798 Date: 20/11/2009
Q&A: EU-US Energy Council
IP/09/1674 Date: 04/11/2009
Commissioner Piebalgs receives the first 39 Energy Action plans under the Covenant of Mayors
IP/09/1660 Date: 30/10/2009
The Commission and 22 world leaders explore ways for the viability of Carbon Capture and Storage
IP/09/1506 Date: 13/10/2009
Investing in the future: Commission calls for additional €50bn in low carbon technologies
IP/09/1431 Date: 07/10/2009
Commission rewards EU companies for spreading the environmental message
IP/09/1343 Date: 22/09/2009
Phasing out of conventional incandescent bulbs
MEMO/09/368 Date: 01/09/2009
Commission adopts four ecodesign regulations
IP/09/1179 Date: 22/07/2009
EC proposes to improve transparency on EU energy infrastructure investments
IP/09/1152 Date: 16/07/2009
European Commission authorises State Aid for Spanish Coal
IP/09/1125 Date: 14/07/2009
Energy infringements. Country fact sheets
MEMO/09/296 Date: 25/06/2009
EU – OPEC Energy Dialogue
MEMO/09/288 Date: 23/06/2009
Gas Coordination Group studies the to secure next winter season's supplies
IP/09/965 Date: 18/06/2009
EC welcomes the Council agreement on oil stocks which improves EU's readiness in case of supply crises
IP/09/914 Date: 12/06/2009
Study finds out that European 20% renewables target can give jobs to 2.8 million people
IP/09/861 Date: 02/06/2009
CCS & Energy security to dominate the agenda of the EC – Norway Energy Dialogue
IP/09/849 Date: 28/05/2009
Key elements of the proposed Internal Energy Market Package
MEMO/09/127 Date: 24/03/2009

December 2009
1^st - 2^nd	International Algae Congress - Hamburg, Germany
10^th - 11^th	PV Power Plants 2009 - USA - Las Vegas, USA
January 2010
25^th - 26^th	PV Power Plants 2010 - EU - Prague, Czech Republic
27^th - 29^th	Renewable Energy Finance & Infrastructure Summit - Vienna, Austria
February 2010
10^th - 12^th	3rd Annual Oil & Gas Pipeline Maintenance & Reliability - Barcelona, Spain
11^th - 12^th	Conferenza dell’Industria Solare - Rome, Italy
18^th - 19^th	European Gas Forum - Madrid, Spain
April 2010
22^nd - 23^rd	Thin Film Industry Forum 2010 - Berlin, Germany
May 2010
12^th - 14^th	Petrol Station 2010 International Fair - Warsaw, Poland

The power to change!
Date: 10/9/2009
Energy, let's save it!
Date: 11/11/2008
Eco-driving
Date: 04/09/2008
Green cities fit for life
Date: 08/07/2008
Local action for a greener Europe
Date: 21/04/2008
European Wind Energy Conference and Exhibition 2008
Date: 03/04/2008
Taking a head start to create a low carbon world economy
Date: 18/01/2008
20% renewable energy by 2020
Date: 16/01/2008
Global warming requires global solution, says Barroso
Date: 28/09/2007
Living with climate change
Date: 25/06/2007
Everyone Can Save The Planet
Date: 21/06/2007
Electricity and gas: You choose!
Date: 06/06/2007
Europe leads the fight against climate change
Date: 19/04/2007
Securing Energy
Date: 16/11/2006
You Control Climate Change
Date: 01/06/2006

NORTH STREAM:
Connection:
Russia-EU (via Baltic sea)
Transport capacity:
55 billion cubic metres/year
Partners:
Gazprom 51%, BASF/Wintershall 20%, E.ON Ruhrgas 20%, Gasunie 9%
Scheduled for operation:
2 Lines. First scheduled for 2011, second for 2012

SOUTH STREAM:
Connection:
Russia-EU (via Black sea)
Transport capacity:
63 billion cubic meters/year
Partners:
Gazprom 50%, ENI 50%
Scheduled for operation:
End of 2015

NABUCCO:
Connection from:
Caspian region, Middle East,Egypt to EU
Transport capacity:
31 billion cubic meters/year
Partners:
BOTAS, BEH, MOL, OMV, RWE, Transgaz. Each 16,67%
Scheduled for operation:
End of 2015

What do residents of the 27 EU member states pay for their petrol?
These charts show how much is paid for one liter of euro95, diesel, LPG and heating oil.
Ranked in alphabetical order.

A barrel of crude oil is traded at $76.05 (USD), or 50.80 euro, at 21:57, Nov. 29, 2009 CET.

Historical oil prices archive.

€ per liter Euro-super 95 Average amount in euro per one liter of Euro-super 95. Incl.taxes & duties. In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties. Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Austria	1.08 ( 0.41 )
Belgium	1.23 ( 0.40 )
Bulgaria	0.90 ( 0.40 )
Cyprus	0.90 ( 0.47 )
Czech Republic	1.07 ( 0.43 )
Denmark	1.33 ( 0.50 )
Estonia	1.01 ( 0.44 )
Finland	1.31 ( 0.46 )
France	1.23 ( 0.42 )
Germany	1.31 ( 0.44 )
Greece	1.04 ( 0.46 )
Hungary	1.08 ( 0.45 )
Ireland	1.18 ( 0.47 )
Italy	1.26 ( 0.49 )
Latvia	0.98 ( 0.42 )
Lithuania	1.07 ( 0.45 )
Luxembourg	1.04 ( 0.44 )
Malta	1.18 ( 0.56 )
Netherlands	1.43 ( 0.46 )
Poland	1.00 ( 0.43 )
Portugal	1.26 ( 0.46 )
Romania	0.87 ( 0.44 )
Slovakia	1.15 ( 0.45 )
Slovenia	1.09 ( 0.41 )
Spain	1.06 ( 0.47 )
Sweden	1.20 ( 0.41 )
United Kingdom	1.16 ( 0.38 )

€ per liter Diesel Average amount in euro per one liter of Diesel. Incl.taxes & duties. In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties. Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Austria	0.99 ( 0.44 )
Belgium	0.95 ( 0.43 )
Bulgaria	0.85 ( 0.41 )
Cyprus	0.88 ( 0.50 )
Czech Republic	1.01 ( 0.46 )
Denmark	1.11 ( 0.49 )
Estonia	0.97 ( 0.44 )
Finland	1.00 ( 0.49 )
France	1.03 ( 0.43 )
Germany	1.12 ( 0.47 )
Greece	0.97 ( 0.51 )
Hungary	1.02 ( 0.47 )
Ireland	1.07 ( 0.47 )
Italy	1.11 ( 0.50 )
Latvia	0.93 ( 0.43 )
Lithuania	0.87 ( 0.45 )
Luxembourg	0.88 ( 0.46 )
Malta	0.96 ( 0.46 )
Netherlands	1.08 ( 0.46 )
Poland	0.88 ( 0.44 )
Portugal	1.02 ( 0.48 )
Romania	0.83 ( 0.45 )
Slovakia	1.11 ( 0.45 )
Slovenia	1.04 ( 0.41 )
Spain	0.96 ( 0.49 )
Sweden	1.09 ( 0.46 )
United Kingdom	1.18 ( 0.40 )

€ per liter LPG Average amount in euro per one liter of LPG. Incl.taxes & duties. In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties. Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Belgium	0.49 ( 0.41 )
Bulgaria	0.48 ( 0.31 )
Czech Republic	0.46 ( 0.31 )
Estonia	0.57 ( 0.40 )
France	0.68 ( 0.51 )
Germany	0.57 ( 0.39 )
Hungary	0.61 ( 0.39 )
Italy	0.55 ( 0.33 )
Latvia	0.54 ( 0.32 )
Lithuania	0.53 ( 0.27 )
Luxembourg	0.46 ( 0.38 )
Netherlands	0.61 ( 0.44 )
Poland	0.47 ( 0.28 )
Portugal	0.59 ( 0.43 )
Romania	0.43 ( 0.29 )
Slovakia	0.45 ( 0.38 )
Slovenia	0.55 ( 0.38 )
Spain	0.49 ( 0.39 )

€ per liter Heating gas oil Average amount in euro per one liter of Heating gas oil. Incl.taxes & duties. In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties. Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Austria	0.66 ( 0.44 )
Belgium	0.53 ( 0.42 )
Bulgaria	0.83 ( 0.39 )
Cyprus	0.69 ( 0.46 )
Czech Republic	0.57 ( 0.39 )
Denmark	1.01 ( 0.52 )
Estonia	0.60 ( 0.43 )
Finland	0.62 ( 0.43 )
France	0.60 ( 0.45 )
Germany	0.60 ( 0.44 )
Greece	0.55 ( 0.43 )
Hungary	1.02 ( 0.47 )
Ireland	0.71 ( 0.57 )
Italy	1.07 ( 0.49 )
Latvia	0.55 ( 0.43 )
Lithuania	0.55 ( 0.43 )
Luxembourg	0.46 ( 0.40 )
Malta	0.65 ( 0.45 )
Netherlands	0.71 ( 0.34 )
Poland	0.58 ( 0.42 )
Portugal	0.69 ( 0.44 )
Romania	0.78 ( 0.37 )
Slovakia	0.55 ( 0.43 )
Slovenia	0.57 ( 0.38 )
Spain	0.58 ( 0.41 )
Sweden	0.97 ( 0.41 )
United Kingdom	0.53 ( 0.39 )

What do European consumers pay for using gas and electricity?
These charts show what households pay for their energy consumption.
Ranked from least to most expensive EU member state.

– ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION –				– GAS CONSUMPTION –
€ per kWh electricity Consumption: 3500 kWh/year (30% during nighttime) Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of electricity for domestic consumers Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09		€ per kWh electricity Consumption: 7500 kWh/year (30% during nighttime) Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of electricity for domestic consumers Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09		€ per kWh gas Consumption: 500m3/year Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of gas for domestic consumers. Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09		€ per kWh gas Consumption: 2000m3/year Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of gas for domestic consumers. Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09
Bulgaria	0.088	Bulgaria	0.0834	Estonia	0.0362	Lithuania	0.033
Greece	0.095	Estonia	0.0866	Bulgaria	0.0373	Latvia	0.034
Latvia	0.095	Latvia	0.0878	Latvia	0.0382	Estonia	0.035
Estonia	0.097	Lithuania	0.0950	Lithuania	0.0427	Bulgaria	0.041
Lithuania	0.101	Czech Rep.	0.1020	Romania	0.0459	Czech Rep.	0.045
Malta	0.121	Greece	0.1036	Czech Rep.	0.0522	Romania	0.046
Czech Rep.	0.136	Finland	0.1172	United Kingdom	0.0543	United Kingdom	0.048
Slovenia	0.147	Slovenia	0.1241	Hungary	0.0546	Luxembourg	0.049
Finland	0.147	Romania	0.1345	Slovakia	0.0594	Hungary	0.050
Romania	0.150	Spain	0.1357	Poland	0.0606	Poland	0.052
France	0.157	France	0.1408	Slovenia	0.0706	Slovakia	0.055
Spain	0.159	Malta	0.1417	Belgium	0.0789	Belgium	0.055
Poland	0.163	Poland	0.1472	Luxembourg	0.0809	France	0.063
United Kingdom	0.166	Slovakia	0.1516	Spain	0.0811	Slovenia	0.064
Hungary	0.172	United Kingdom	0.1530	Portugal	0.0876	Spain	0.065
Cyprus	0.174	Cyprus	0.1590	France	0.0879	Portugal	0.065
Portugal	0.195	Portugal	0.1596	Austria	0.0929	Ireland	0.070
Austria	0.203	Hungary	0.1634	Germany	0.1104	Austria	0.075
Belgium	0.205	Austria	0.1710	Ireland	0.1395	Germany	0.082
Slovakia	0.208	Belgium	0.1776	Denmark	0.1524	Italy	0.086
Ireland	0.216	Ireland	0.1814	Finland	no data	Netherlands	0.124
Luxembourg	0.219	Italy	0.2635	Sweden	no data	Sweden	0.152
Sweden	0.223	Denmark	0.2768	Italy	no data	Denmark	0.152
Germany	0.253	Germany	no data	Netherlands	no data	Malta	no data
Netherlands	0.283	Luxembourg	no data	Cyprus	no data	Cyprus	no data
Italy	0.304	Netherlands	no data	Greece	no data	Finland	no data
Denmark	0.318	Sweden	no data	Malta	no data	Greece	no data

What does the European industry pay for its energy?
These charts show the average electricity and gas prices for the industry.
Ranked from least to most expensive EU member state.

– ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION –				– GAS CONSUMPTION –
€ per kWh electricity Consumption: 2000 MWh/year Maximum demand: 500 kW, annual load: 4000 hours. Luxembourg: 50% power reduction during hours of heavy loading. Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09		€ per kWh electricity Consumption: 24000 MWh/year Maximum demand: 4000 kW, annual load: 6000 hours. Luxembourg: 50% power reduction during hours of heavy loading. Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09		€ per kWh gas Consumption: 418.6 GJ/year 418.6 gigajoule ≈ 116MWh ≈ 11000m³. Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09		€ per kWh gas Consumption: 41.86 TJ/year 41.86 terajoule ≈ 11.6GWh ≈ 1.1 million m³. Incl.taxes & duties. Effective: Jan, '09
Bulgaria	0.0798	Estonia	0.0581	Estonia	0.0275	Estonia	0.0263
Latvia	0.0803	Latvia	0.0675	Bulgaria	0.0284	Bulgaria	0.0286
Sweden	0.0820	Sweden	0.0719	Latvia	0.0337	Latvia	0.0292
Estonia	0.0831	Bulgaria	0.0764	Lithuania	0.0365	Lithuania	0.0333
Lithuania	0.0840	France	0.0789	Czech Republic	0.0411	Portugal	0.0353
Finland	0.0896	Malta	0.0802	Romania	0.0458	Czech Republic	0.0354
France	0.0911	Lithuania	0.0822	Luxembourg	0.0468	Belgium	0.0361
Poland	0.0989	Finland	0.0837	Belgium	0.0506	Spain	0.0374
Greece	0.1028	Greece	0.0863	Poland	0.0509	Denmark	0.0391
Spain	0.1050	Poland	0.0894	Hungary	0.0518	France	0.0419
Czech Republic	0.1174	Spain	0.0906	Spain	0.0531	Slovenia	0.0437
Portugal	0.1174	Czech Republic	0.1031	Portugal	0.0536	Poland	0.0437
Slovenia	0.1175	Portugal	0.1048	France	0.0559	Romania	0.0438
Malta	0.1225	Slovenia	0.1057	Italy	0.0613	Luxembourg	0.0441
Luxembourg	0.1370	Netherlands	0.1093	Austria	0.0670	Finland	0.0462
Austria	0.1464	Romania	0.1162	Sweden	0.0685	Italy	0.0462
United Kingdom	0.1487	United Kingdom	0.1179	United Kingdom	0.0706	Netherlands	0.0542
Belgium	0.1499	Austria	0.1218	Ireland	0.0719	Hungary	0.0560
Slovakia	0.1505	Belgium	0.1221	Germany	0.0723	Sweden	0.0572
Hungary	0.1512	Hungary	0.1316	Netherlands	0.0837	Austria	0.0577
Romania	0.1530	Slovakia	0.1369	Denmark	0.0903	United Kingdom	0.0597
Denmark	0.1539	Germany	0.1515	Slovenia	no data	Germany	0.0631
Netherlands	0.1593	Cyprus	0.1572	Finland	no data	Ireland	no data
Germany	0.1654	Ireland	0.1594	Malta	no data	Malta	no data
Ireland	0.1660	Italy	0.1668	Greece	no data	Greece	no data
Cyprus	0.1663	Denmark	no data	Slovakia	no data	Slovakia	no data
Italy	0.2032	Luxembourg	no data	Cyprus	no data	Cyprus	no data

Energy consumption by EU-member states, their net imports and dependence rate in 2008.
The most important suppliers of crude oil and natural gas were Russia (33% of oil imports and 40% of gas imports) and Norway (16% and 23% respectively).

	EU Member State	Gross Energy consumption¹⁾	Net imports²⁾	Energy Dependency³⁾		EU Member State	Gross Energy Consumption	Net imports	Energy Dependency
1	Cyprus	2.6	3	100%	15	Germany	349	215.5	61.3%
2	Malta	0.9	0.9	100%	16	Finland	37.8	20.9	54.6%
3	Luxembourg	4.7	4.7	98.9%	17	EU27	1825.2	1010.1	53.8%
4	Ireland	15.5	14.2	90.9%	18	Slovenia	7.3	3.8	52.1%
5	Italy	186.1	164.6	86.8%	19	France	273.1	141.7	51.4%
6	Portugal	25.3	21.6	83.1%	20	Bulgaria	20.5	9.5	46.2%
7	Spain	143.9	123.8	81.4%	21	Netherlands	80.5	37.2	38%
8	Belgium	60.4	53.5	77.9%	22	Sweden	50.8	19.8	37.4%
9	Austria	34.1	24.9	72.9%	23	Estonia	5.4	1.9	33.5%
10	Greece	31.5	24.9	71.9%	24	Romania	40.9	11.9	29.1%
11	Latvia	4.6	3.2	65.7%	25	Czech Republic	46.2	12.9	28%
12	Lithuania	8.4	5.5	64%	26	United Kingdom	229.5	49.3	21.3%
13	Slovakia	18.8	12	64%	27	Poland	98.3	19.6	19.9%
14	Hungary	27.8	17.3	62.5%	28	Denmark	20.9	-8.1	-36.8⁴⁾

1) Gross energy consumption in Million tonnes oil equivalent (Mtoe). Defined as primary production plus imports, less exports.
2) Net imports means imports minus exports.
3) Imports divided by gross consumption.
4) Denmark is a net exporter of energy.

Are the European member states meeting their Kyoto 2012 carbon dioxide(CO₂) emission targets?
Countries in the green do well and emit less than their 2012 target. The countries in the red emit more than their Kyoto target.
Figures are in Megaton (Mt CO2-eq).

EU MEMBER STATE	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	KYOTO TARGET 2012	% UNDER KYOTO TARGET
LATVIA	10,7	10,7	10,9	11,7	12,1	23,3	48,07 %
ESTONIA	21,2	21,2	20,7	19,2	22,0	40	45,00 %
LITHUANIA	16,7	21,1	22,6	22,8	24,7	44,1	43,99 %
ROMANIA	NO DATA	160,1	153,7	153,9	152,3	259,9	41,40 %
BULGARIA	NO DATA	68,9	69,8	71,5	75,7	127,3	40,53 %
HUNGARY	83,3	79,5	80,5	78,8	75,9	114,9	33,94 %
SLOVAKIA	51,1	49,5	48,7	49,0	47,0	67,2	30,06 %
POLAND	382,5	396,7	399	399,3	398,9	551,7	27,70 %
CZECH REPUBLIC	147,5	147,1	145,6	149,1	150,8	180,6	16,50 %
SWEDEN	70,9	69,7	67	66,9	65,4	75,2	13,03 %
UNITED KINGDOM	658	660,4	657,4	647,9	636,7	678,3	6,13 %
FRANCE	560,9	556,1	553,4	541,7	531,1	564	5,83 %
GREECE	137,2	137,6	139,2	128,1	131,9	139,6	5,52 %
BELGIUM	147,6	147,6	143,8	136,6	131,3	135,9	3,38 %
GERMANY	1024,4	1025	1001,5	980,0	956,1	972,9	1,73 %
							% OVER KYOTO TARGET
NETHERLANDS	215,4	218,4	212,1	208,5	207,5	200,4	-3,54 %
PORTUGAL	83,7	84,6	85,5	84,7	81,8	77,4	-5,68 %
IRELAND	68,4	68,6	69,9	69,7	69,2	63	-9,84 %
FINLAND	85,4	81,2	69,3	79,9	78,3	71,1	-10,13 %
SLOVENIA	19,7	19,9	20,3	20,5	20,7	18,6	-11,29 %
ITALY	577,3	580,5	582,2	563,0	552,8	485,7	-13,82 %
DENMARK	73,6	68,2	63,9	71,0	66,6	54,8	-21,53 %
AUSTRIA	92,5	91,2	93,3	91,6	88,0	68,7	-28,09 %
SPAIN	407,4	425,2	440,6	433,0	442,3	331,6	-33,38 %
LUXEMBOURG	11,3	12,8	12,7	13,3	12,9	9,1	-41,76 %
MALTA	3,1	3,2	3,4	2,9	3,0	NO TARGET
CYPRUS	9,2	9,9	9,9	9,9	10,1	NO TARGET

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) pollutes the air primarily as a result of road traffic. Similar to CO₂, Nitrogen dioxide is produced by fossil fuel combustion processes.

These maps show results of satellite measurements over Europe.
They illustrate nitrogen dioxide as large scale pollutant, with rural background ground level concentrations in some areas around 30 µg/m³.
Long-term exposure to NO₂ at concentrations of >= 40 µg/m³ will cause danger to people's health.


2004	2006

The EU is working to reduce the effects of climate change and establish a common energy policy.
By 2020 renewable energy should account for 20% of the EU's final energy consumption (9,2% in 2006).
Consult the member state's renewable energy(RE) factsheets or browse through any of the latest charts.

Statistics of energy consumption, production, reserves and more, ranked by country. Continuously updated to represent the latest data available.

Non-renewable energy sources, do, as their name suggests, run out.
Apart from their impact on global warming, they are finite. Based on the data we have today, we can predict the moment they are actually exhausted. Putting a date on these energy sources underscores the world's need for true sustainable energy sources.

Natural Gas (in cubic meters)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009:	174436171550404
World usage per second:	92653
Estimated date of exhaustion:	07:19 Sep 12, 2068

Oil (in barrels)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009:	1206780968626
World usage per second:	986
Estimated date of exhaustion:	16:36 Oct 22, 2047

Coal (in metric tonnes)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009:	841086192000
World usage per second:	203
Estimated date of exhaustion:	15:35 May 19, 2140

Uranium (in metric tonnes U-235)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009:	18096
World usage per second:	0.0000042222017
Estimated date of exhaustion:	19:56 Nov 28, 2144

TOP 10 HEATING LAUNDRY LIGHTING COOKING REFRIGERATING CARS HOUSES OFFICES

Download the latest, key publications by the EU, related to energy and the environment. PDF Format.
TITLE	AUTHOR(S)	PUBLICATION

Photovotaic Solar Energy - Development and current research (size: 5.5Mb)	DG-TREN	2009
More efficient cleaning concepts for stepping up availability of lignite-fired power plants (Ligpower) (size: 5.2Mb)	EC & DG for Research	2009
Renewable electricity — Make the switch (size: 3.7Mb)	EC & DG-TREN	2009
Nuclear energy research - The sustainability challenge (size: 2.0Mb)	EC & DG for Research	2009
Energy and environment report 2008 (size: 4.9Mb)	EEA	2009
Biofuels: Topping up the fuel mix (size: 6.2Mb)	EC, DG-TREN & EACI	2008
A new scheme for the promotion of renewable energies in developing countries (size: 1.2Mb)	EC & Joint Research Centre	2008
European energy and transport - Trends to 2030 : update 2007 (size: 3.3Mb)	EC & DGTREN	2008
Biofuels in the European context - Facts, uncertainties and recommendations (size: 0.5Mb)	EC & Joint Research Centre	2008
LIFE and endangered plants - conserving Europe's threatened flora (size: 8.1Mb)	EC & DG for Environment	2008
EU environment-related indicators 2008 (size: 0.5Mb)	EC & DG for Environment	2008
Statistics on the electricity and gas markets (size: 1.0Mb)	EC & EuroStat	2008
Renewables make the difference (size: 0.4Mb)	EC & DG-TREN	2008
Towards a "post-carbon society" (size: 2.4Mb)	EC & DG for Research	2008
2020 vision, saving our energy (size: 1.8Mb)	EC & DG-TREN	2007
An efficient, sustainable and secure supply of energy for Europe (size: 4.7Mb)	European Investment Bank	2007
ENERGY, economic, social and policy-oriented research in Europe (size: 0.4Mb)	EC & Directorate-General for Research	2007
EU energy policy and the EIB (size: 0.4Mb)	European Investment Bank	2007
Energy - Yearly statistics 2005 (size: 1.3Mb)	European Commission & Eurostat	2007
Energy corridors - European Union and neighbouring countries (size: 1.6Mb)	EC & Directorate-General for Research	2007
Energy research in 7th framework programme (size: 1.1Mb)	EC & Directorate-General for Research	2007
LIFE and Energy - Innovative solutions for efficient energy in Europe (size: 4.0Mb)	EC & Directorate-General for Environment	2007
Latest development of energy service companies across Europe (size: 1.2Mb)	European Commission & Joint Research Centre	2007
You control climate change. Make a pledge! (size: 0.5Mb)	EC & Directorate-General for Environment	2007
Electricity from renewable energy sources (size: 0.3Mb)	European Commission & IEEA	2006
Energy production and distribution enterprises in the EU (size: 0.1Mb)	European Commission & Eurostat	2006
Fusion for energy - A new European organisation (size: 0.2Mb)	EC & Directorate-General for Research	2006

There are literally hundreds on EU directives related to energy. In this section you'll find some of the most important ones. You might consider these directives a must read for anyone involved in the energy industry.
	- Energy Efficiency / Renewables
C(2009) 5174	National RE Action Plans under Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.
2009/28/EC	On the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources.
COM(2006) 105 final	Green paper - A European Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy.
SEC(2006) 317/2	Green paper Annex - What is at stake, a background document.
COM(2008) 30 final	20 20 by 2020 Europe's climate change opportunity.
C(2006) 6817	Establishing harmonised efficiency reference values for separate production of electricity and heat.
2004/8/EC	On the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market.
2005/32/EC	A framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-using products.
2006/32/EC	On energy end-use efficiency and energy services.
98/11/EC	Implementing Council Directive 92/75/EEC with regard to energy labelling of household lamps.
106/2008	On a Community energy-efficiency labelling programme for office equipment.
2002/91/EC	On the energy performance of buildings.
	Fossil Fuels
1775/2005	On conditions for access to the natural gas transmission networks.
2006/67/EC	Imposing an obligation on Member States to maintain minimum stocks of crude oil and/or petroleum products.
2003/55/EC	Concerning common rules for the internal market in natural gas.
2004/67/EC	Concerning measures to safeguard security of natural gas supply.
CE 2003/405	Concerning Community monitoring of imports of hard coal originating in third countries.
	Competition
2005/89/EC	Concerning measures to safeguard security of electricity supply and infrastructure investment.
1228/2003	On conditions for access to the network for cross-border exchanges in electricity.
COM(2008) 192 report	Progress in creating the internal gas and electricity market.