Retail (end-user) energy prices for households.
Two consumption levels are identified. Research methodology. Price data for other consumption levels, please enquire. Price data mentioned may not reflect the latest insights found in the commercial editions.
Reference month: June, 2011.
Historical price data going back to the year 2000, visit EU Energy History
- Price data
for non-eurozone countries are in euro. The average exchange rate valid for
the referenced month is applied.
- Amount is in
euro () per kiloWatthour (kWh).
- There is no
gas price data available for Greece, Cyprus, Malta and Finland.
- Consumption
band is ± 25% for 15 MWh and ± 30% for 30 MWh consumption
- EU Average
Gross Calorific Value 38.48 (MJ/m3).
Retail (end-user) energy prices for households.
Two consumption levels are identified. Research methodology. For price data for other consumption levels, please enquire. Price data mentioned may not reflect the latest insights found in the commercial editions.
Reference month: June, 2011.
Historical price data going back to the year 2000, visit EU Energy History
- Price data
for non-eurozone countries are in euro. The average exchange rate valid for
the referenced month is applied.
- Amount is in
euro () per kiloWatthour (kWh).
- Consumption
band is ± 25% for 3.5 MWh and ± 30% for 7.5 MWh consumption
End-user energy prices for industrial consumers.
Two consumption levels are identified. Research methodology. Price data for other consumption levels, please enquire. Price data mentioned may not reflect the latest insights found in the commercial editions.
Reference month: June, 2011.
Historical price data going back to the year 2000, visit EU Energy History
- Price data
for non-eurozone countries are in euro. The average exchange rate valid for
the referenced month is applied.
- Amount is in
euro () per kiloWatthour (kWh).
- There is no
gas price data available for Greece, Cyprus and Malta.
- Consumption
band is ± 25% for 0.25 GWh and ± 50% for 5 GWh consumption
- EU Average
Gross Calorific Value 38.48 (MJ/m3).
End-user energy prices for industrial consumers.
Two consumption levels are identified. Research methodology. Price data for other consumption levels, please enquire. Price data mentioned may not reflect the latest insights found in the commercial editions.
Reference month: June, 2011.
Historical price data going back to the year 2000, visit EU Energy History
- Price data
for non-eurozone countries are in euro. The average exchange rate valid for
the referenced month is applied.
- Amount is in
euro () per kiloWatthour (kWh).
- Consumption
band is ± 25% for 1 GWh and ± 50% for 20 GWh consumption
A breakdown of the different components that make up the retail (pump) price of Unleaded95 and Diesel. FOB indicates the purchase price of crude oil.
Margin is the industry margin: refining, transport, insurance, stockpiling, distribution to petrol stations and sale to consumers.
Excise duties and Value added Taxes, VAT, are taxes that are levied by governments.
There is a time lag between a change in crude oil price and its reflection in fuel product retail prices.
Unleaded (Superbleifrei, Euro sans plomb, Euro95)
Diesel (Gazole, Gasσleo)
MEMBER
STATE
FOB
MARGIN
EXCISE
VAT
RETAIL
FOB
MARGIN
EXCISE
VAT
RETAIL
Austria
0.550
0.086
0.505
0.228
1.370
0.600
0.127
0.422
0.230
1.380
Belgium
0.542
0.189
0.647
0.289
1.667
0.592
0.195
0.451
0.260
1.498
Bulgaria
0.545
0.192
0.310
0.210
1.257
0.560
0.230
0.325
0.223
1.338
Cyprus
0.550
0.158
0.366
0.161
1.235
0.550
0.253
0.338
0.171
1.313
Czech
Republic
0.555
0.130
0.512
0.240
1.437
0.555
0.226
0.436
0.244
1.461
Denmark
0.545
0.203
0.627
0.344
1.720
0.545
0.237
0.478
0.315
1.576
Estonia
0.545
0.136
0.435
0.223
1.340
0.545
0.233
0.410
0.238
1.425
Finland
0.555
0.150
0.594
0.299
1.598
0.555
0.358
0.346
0.289
1.548
France
0.550
0.138
0.658
0.264
1.610
0.550
0.196
0.449
0.234
1.430
Germany
0.545
0.136
0.648
0.253
1.582
0.545
0.211
0.457
0.231
1.444
Greece
0.555
0.156
0.678
0.320
1.709
0.555
0.278
0.420
0.288
1.541
Hungary
0.560
0.146
0.442
0.310
1.458
0.560
0.242
0.405
0.326
1.533
Ireland
0.560
0.072
0.641
0.293
1.566
0.560
0.160
0.525
0.286
1.531
Italy
0.555
0.156
0.716
0.300
1.727
0.555
0.246
0.578
0.290
1.669
Latvia
0.550
0.139
0.411
0.242
1.343
0.550
0.227
0.327
0.243
1.347
Lithuania
0.555
0.128
0.425
0.233
1.341
0.555
0.238
0.294
0.228
1.315
Luxembourg
0.550
0.154
0.462
0.175
1.341
0.550
0.209
0.314
0.161
1.234
Malta
0.560
0.165
0.469
0.215
1.410
0.560
0.193
0.365
0.201
1.320
Netherlands
0.545
0.144
0.769
0.277
1.735
0.545
0.221
0.464
0.234
1.465
Poland
0.550
0.124
0.379
0.242
1.296
0.550
0.208
0.329
0.250
1.337
Portugal
0.555
0.164
0.631
0.310
1.660
0.555
0.258
0.428
0.286
1.527
Romania
0.545
0.114
0.376
0.249
1.284
0.545
0.207
0.320
0.257
1.330
Slovakia
0.550
0.105
0.570
0.245
1.471
0.550
0.221
0.406
0.236
1.413
Slovenia
0.550
0.105
0.516
0.234
1.406
0.550
0.173
0.380
0.221
1.324
Spain
0.555
0.160
0.441
0.208
1.365
0.555
0.226
0.347
0.203
1.331
Sweden
0.550
0.130
0.649
0.332
1.662
0.550
0.220
0.546
0.329
1.646
United
Kingdom
0.545
0.094
0.742
0.276
1.658
0.545
0.177
0.729
0.290
1.742
Prices are per one liter of fuel. Prices are listed in EUR, and in local currency when the member state is non-eurozone.
Note that the prices are listed with and without VAT.
Please consult the terms on how you may use this data.
Prices for LPG are effective February 4, 2012, the prices for heating oil are effective week 4, 2011
LPG (GPL, Autogas)
HOME HEATING OIL
(Heizφl)
MEMBER
STATE
RETAIL
PRICE
PRICE
EXCLUDING VAT
RETAIL PRICE
PRICE EXCLUDING
VAT
Austria
NO DATA
1.005
0.838
Belgium
0.709
0.586
0.915
0.756
Bulgaria
0.649
1.28
лв.
0.541
1.07
лв.
0.915
0.762
Cyprus
NO DATA
1.027
0.893
Czech
Republic
0.693
17.50
Kč
0.578
14.58
Kč
0.953
0.794
Denmark
1.238
9.20
kr
0.990
7.36
kr
1.509
1.207
Estonia
0.76
0.633
1.034
0.862
Finland
NO DATA
1.149
0.934
France
0.85
0.711
0.974
0.815
Germany
0.763
0.641
0.936
0.786
Greece
NO DATA
1.009
0.820
Hungary
0.731
215
Ft
0.576
169
Ft
1.439
1.133
Ireland
NO DATA
1.100
0.969
Italy
0.744
0.615
1.457
1.204
Latvia
0.593
Ls
0.414
0.486
Ls
0.339
1.028
0.843
Lithuania
0.686
Lt
2.37
0.567
Lt
1.96
0.910
0.752
Luxembourg
0.654
0.569
0.824
0.735
Malta
NO DATA
0.980
0.831
Netherlands
0.828
0.696
0.904
0.760
Poland
0.672
2.90
zł
0.546
2.36
zł
0.979
0.796
Portugal
0.899
0.731
1.277
1.130
Romania
0.694
3.01
lei
0.560
2.43
lei
1.147
0.925
Slovakia
0.715
0.596
1.005
0.838
Slovenia
0.753
0.628
0.988
0.823
Spain
0.62
0.525
0.936
0.793
Sweden
NO DATA
1.428
1.143
United
Kingdom
0.901
£
0.755
0.751
£
0.629
0.884
0.842
In most EU member states electricity utilities now buy electricity generated from renewable sources produced by individuals and companies. Prices paid for 'self-produced' electricity is called a feed-in tariff. Prices are in euros per kilowatt-hour (€/kWh).
'0.29-0.46' is a price range from 0.29 €/kWh to 0.46 €/kWh, depending on the amount produced.
Prices valid for April 1st, 2010.
Member state
Windpower 'On-shore'
Wind power 'Off-shore'
Solar PV
Biomass
Hydro
Austria
0.073
0.073
0.29 - 0.46
0.06 -0.16
n/a
Belgium
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Bulgaria
0.07 - 0.09
0.07 - 0.09
0.34 - 0.38
0.08 - 0.10
0.045
Cyprus
0.166
0.166
0.34
0.135
n/a
Czech Republic
0.108
0.108
0.455
0.077 - 0.103
0.081
Denmark
0.035
n/a
n/a
0.039
n/a
Estonia
0.051
0.051
0.051
0.051
0.051
Finland
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
France
0.082
0.31 - 0.58
n/a
0.125
0.06
Germany
0.05 - 0.09
0.13 - 0.15
0.29 - 0.55
0.08 - 0.12
0.04 - 0.13
Greece
0.07 - 0.09
0.07 - 0.09
0.55
0.07 - 0.08
0.07 - 0.08
Hungary
n/a
n/a
0.097
n/a
0.029 - 0.052
Ireland
0.059
0.059
n/a
0.072
0.072
Italy
0.3
0.3
0.36 - 0.44
0.2 - 0.3
0.22
Latvia
0.11
0.11
n/a
n/a
n/a
Lithuania
0.10
0.10
n/a
0.08
0.07
Luxembourg
0.08 - 0.10
0.08 - 0.10
0.28 - 0.56
0.103 - 0.128
0.079 - 0.103
Malta
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Netherlands
0.118
0.186
0.459 - 0.583
0.115 - 0.177
0.073 - 0.125
Poland
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.038
n/a
Portugal
0.074
0.074
0.31 - 0.45
0.1 - 0.11
0.075
Romania
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Slovakia
0.05- 0.09
0.05- 0.09
0.27
0.072 - 0.10
0.066 - 0.10
Slovenia
0.087 - 0.094
0.087 - 0.095
0.267 - 0.414
0.074 - 0.224
0.077 - 0.105
Spain
0.073
0.073
0.32 - 0.34
0.107 - 0.158
0.077
Sweden
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
United Kingdom
0.31
n/a
0.42
0.12
0.23
Energy consumption by EU-member states, their net imports and dependence rate in 2008.
The most important suppliers of crude oil and natural gas were Russia (33% of oil imports and 40% of gas imports) and Norway (16% and 23% respectively).
EU Member State
Gross Energy consumption1)
Net imports2)
Energy Dependency3)
EU Member State
Gross Energy Consumption
Net imports
Energy Dependency
1
Cyprus
2.6
3
100%
15
Germany
349
215.5
61.3%
2
Malta
0.9
0.9
100%
16
Finland
37.8
20.9
54.6%
3
Luxembourg
4.7
4.7
98.9%
17
EU27
1825.2
1010.1
53.8%
4
Ireland
15.5
14.2
90.9%
18
Slovenia
7.3
3.8
52.1%
5
Italy
186.1
164.6
86.8%
19
France
273.1
141.7
51.4%
6
Portugal
25.3
21.6
83.1%
20
Bulgaria
20.5
9.5
46.2%
7
Spain
143.9
123.8
81.4%
21
Netherlands
80.5
37.2
38%
8
Belgium
60.4
53.5
77.9%
22
Sweden
50.8
19.8
37.4%
9
Austria
34.1
24.9
72.9%
23
Estonia
5.4
1.9
33.5%
10
Greece
31.5
24.9
71.9%
24
Romania
40.9
11.9
29.1%
11
Latvia
4.6
3.2
65.7%
25
Czech Republic
46.2
12.9
28%
12
Lithuania
8.4
5.5
64%
26
United Kingdom
229.5
49.3
21.3%
13
Slovakia
18.8
12
64%
27
Poland
98.3
19.6
19.9%
14
Hungary
27.8
17.3
62.5%
28
Denmark
20.9
-8.1
-36.84)
1) Gross energy consumption in Million tonnes oil equivalent (Mtoe). Defined as primary production plus imports, less exports.
2) Net imports means imports minus exports.
3) Imports divided by gross consumption.
4) Denmark is a net exporter of energy.
Are the European member states meeting their Kyoto 2012 carbon dioxide(CO2) emission targets?
Countries in the green do well and emit less than their 2012 target.
The countries in the red emit more than their Kyoto target.
Figures are in Megaton (Mt CO2-eq).
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) pollutes the air primarily as a result of road traffic.
Similar to CO2, Nitrogen dioxide is produced by fossil fuel combustion processes.
These maps show results of satellite measurements over Europe.
They illustrate nitrogen dioxide as large scale pollutant, with rural background ground level concentrations in some areas around 30 ΅g/m³.
Long-term exposure to NO2 at concentrations of >= 40 ΅g/m³ will cause danger to people's health.
2004
2006
Energy.eu - Explaining the EU Energy Label
A Success Story
Since 1995 the
European energy label has provided consumers with standardised
information on energy consumption and performance criteria of major
household appliances. The
label helps consumers to identify the most efficient and thus energy
cost saving appliances.
What products carry the EU Energy Label?
Light bulbs, cars and most electrical appliances (e.g. refrigerators,
stoves, washing machines) carry the EU Energy Label.
The energy efficiency of the product is rated in energy levels ranging
from A to G on the outside label.
'A' stands for the most energy efficient and 'G' for the least energy
efficient.
The Energy Rating label enables consumers to compare the energy
efficiency of appliances.
It is also an incentive for manufacturers to improve the energy
performance of their products.
Apart from the clear color-coded classification there is also other
information on the energy label.
For example, the energy label for lightbulbs often shows its 'lumen',
an indication of perceived power of light, and 'Watt', the consumption
of joules of energy per second.
The New EU
Energy Label
The EU introduced a new framework Directive on 19 June 2010.
It introduces a new energy label layout which
has nonetheless kept its uniform and simple design characteristics
across the different product categories. Recently, also the
qualification A+ and A++ were introduced for
refrigerated appliances.
The new label is mandatory for refrigerators,
freezers, wine appliances, washing machines, dishwashers and
televisions starting December 2011.
Obligations for sellers
The main obligation for sellers is still to attach the label to the product at the point of sale. The label is to be put on the outside of the front or top of the product, in such a way as to be clearly visible. There
is no obligation for dealers to relabel products at the point of sale.
Products, which have been put into the market with the current label
and are still on stock, may be displayed with this label without any
time constraints.
Depending on the product group, up to three additional classes, A+,
A++, and A+++, will be added to the original A to G classification
scheme.
The new label will be language-neutral. Country-specific plain text
will be replaced by pictograms.
Each single product will be supplied with the full new label. The
current practice in many countries is to provide the basic label and the data strip separately.
What
does the
classification actually mean?
Light bulbs
The label shows the classification of the lightbulb's electrical
consumption relative to a standard (GLS or incandescent) light bulb
that produces the same brightness (lumen).
Class A
& B
Energy savers fall in to these categories.
They are the most efficient type of light bulb and use up to 80% less
energy than standard GLS light bulbs.
Class D
Mains voltage halogen bulbs usually fall into this
category.
Class E & F
Standard incandescent light bulbs are the least
efficient alternatives.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
20-50%
50-75%
75-90%
90-100%
100-110%
110-125%
>125%
Refrigerators
and
freezers
The number is calculated according to the consumption and the
compartments' volume of the appliance.
This is an index, it is not calculated in kWh.
A++
A+
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
<30
<42
<55
<75
<90
<100
<110
<125
>125
Washing
machines
For washing machines the energy efficiency scale is calculated using a
cotton cycle at 60°C (140°F) with a maximum declared load. This load is
typically 6 kg. The energy efficiency index is in kWh per kilogramme of washing.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
<0.19
<0.23
<0.27
<0.31
<0.35
<0.39
>0.39
Dishwashers
The energy efficiency is calculated according to the number of place
settings.
For the most common size of appliance, the 12 place setting machine the
following classes apply.
The unit is expressed in kWh per 12 place settings.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
<1.06
<1.25
<1.45
<1.65
<1.85
<2.05
>2.05
Cars
For cars it is not the electrical efficiency that is indicated, but its
carbon dioxide emissions in grammes per kilometre travelled.
The EU is working to reduce the effects of climate change and establish a common energy policy.
By 2020 renewable energy should account for 20% of the EU's final energy consumption (10.3% in 2008).
Consult the member state's renewable energy(RE) factsheets or browse through any of the charts.
Statistics on energy consumption, production and reserves, ranked by country.
49.25 %
