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NOV. 29, 2009
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* How much is EURO95 in Spain today?
* What does the EU Energy Label mean?
* When does the world run out of oil?
* What are the new gas routes to the EU?

european energy headlines

Make sure you consult our
 professional services for key
 energy data and statistics.


The EU appoints Germany's Guenther Oettinger as new energy commissioner

The European Union has appointed Germany's Guenther Oettinger to replace the Latvian Andris Piebalgs as energy commissioner.

The appointment of Oettinger, the current governor of the German state of Baden-Wuerttemberg, still needs approval from the European Parliament.

Oettinger, 56, was nominated by German Chancellor Angela Merkel. Born in Stuttgart in 1953, Oettinger studied law at the University of Tuebingen and has been a lawmaker in the state assembly in Stuttgart since 1984.

The EU appointment must be approved after hearings in January 2010.

Commissioner Piebalgs welcomes the adoption of the Tyre labelling regulation by Council and Parliament
IP/09/1820 Date: 25/11/2009
EC takes action against Greece for non-notification of the transposition of a Euratom directive
IP/09/1798 Date: 20/11/2009
Q&A: EU-US Energy Council
IP/09/1674 Date: 04/11/2009
Commissioner Piebalgs receives the first 39 Energy Action plans under the Covenant of Mayors
IP/09/1660 Date: 30/10/2009
The Commission and 22 world leaders explore ways for the viability of Carbon Capture and Storage
IP/09/1506 Date: 13/10/2009
Investing in the future: Commission calls for additional €50bn in low carbon technologies
IP/09/1431 Date: 07/10/2009
Commission rewards EU companies for spreading the environmental message
IP/09/1343 Date: 22/09/2009
Phasing out of conventional incandescent bulbs
MEMO/09/368 Date: 01/09/2009
Commission adopts four ecodesign regulations
IP/09/1179 Date: 22/07/2009
EC proposes to improve transparency on EU energy infrastructure investments
IP/09/1152 Date: 16/07/2009
European Commission authorises State Aid for Spanish Coal
IP/09/1125 Date: 14/07/2009
Energy infringements. Country fact sheets
MEMO/09/296 Date: 25/06/2009
EU – OPEC Energy Dialogue
MEMO/09/288 Date: 23/06/2009
Gas Coordination Group studies the to secure next winter season's supplies
IP/09/965 Date: 18/06/2009
EC welcomes the Council agreement on oil stocks which improves EU's readiness in case of supply crises
IP/09/914 Date: 12/06/2009
Study finds out that European 20% renewables target can give jobs to 2.8 million people
IP/09/861 Date: 02/06/2009
CCS & Energy security to dominate the agenda of the EC – Norway Energy Dialogue
IP/09/849 Date: 28/05/2009
Key elements of the proposed Internal Energy Market Package
MEMO/09/127 Date: 24/03/2009

December 2009
1st - 2nd International Algae Congress - Hamburg, Germany
10th - 11th PV Power Plants 2009 - USA - Las Vegas, USA
January 2010
25th - 26th PV Power Plants 2010 - EU - Prague, Czech Republic
27th - 29th Renewable Energy Finance & Infrastructure Summit - Vienna, Austria
February 2010
10th - 12th 3rd Annual Oil & Gas Pipeline Maintenance & Reliability - Barcelona, Spain
11th - 12th Conferenza dell’Industria Solare - Rome, Italy
18th - 19th European Gas Forum - Madrid, Spain
April 2010
22nd - 23rd Thin Film Industry Forum 2010 - Berlin, Germany
May 2010
12th - 14th Petrol Station 2010 International Fair - Warsaw, Poland


NORTH STREAM:
Connection:
Russia-EU (via Baltic sea)
Transport capacity:
55 billion cubic metres/year
Partners:
Gazprom 51%, BASF/Wintershall 20%, E.ON Ruhrgas 20%, Gasunie 9%
Scheduled for operation:
2 Lines. First scheduled for 2011, second for 2012

SOUTH STREAM:
Connection:
Russia-EU (via Black sea)
Transport capacity:
63 billion cubic meters/year
Partners:
Gazprom 50%, ENI 50%
Scheduled for operation:
End of 2015

NABUCCO:
Connection from:
Caspian region, Middle East,Egypt to EU
Transport capacity:
31 billion cubic meters/year
Partners:
BOTAS, BEH, MOL, OMV, RWE, Transgaz. Each 16,67%
Scheduled for operation:
End of 2015

European fuel prices
What do residents of the 27 EU member states pay for their petrol?
These charts show how much is paid for one liter of euro95, diesel, LPG and heating oil.
Ranked in alphabetical order.

A barrel of crude oil is traded at $76.05 (USD), or 50.80 euro, at 21:57, Nov. 29, 2009 CET.
Historical oil prices archive.
€ per liter Euro-super 95

Average amount in euro per one liter of Euro-super 95. Incl.taxes & duties. In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties.
Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Austria 1.08 ( 0.41 )
Belgium 1.23 ( 0.40 )
Bulgaria 0.90 ( 0.40 )
Cyprus 0.90 ( 0.47 )
Czech Republic 1.07 ( 0.43 )
Denmark 1.33 ( 0.50 )
Estonia 1.01 ( 0.44 )
Finland 1.31 ( 0.46 )
France 1.23 ( 0.42 )
Germany 1.31 ( 0.44 )
Greece 1.04 ( 0.46 )
Hungary 1.08 ( 0.45 )
Ireland 1.18 ( 0.47 )
Italy 1.26 ( 0.49 )
Latvia 0.98 ( 0.42 )
Lithuania 1.07 ( 0.45 )
Luxembourg 1.04 ( 0.44 )
Malta 1.18 ( 0.56 )
Netherlands 1.43 ( 0.46 )
Poland 1.00 ( 0.43 )
Portugal 1.26 ( 0.46 )
Romania 0.87 ( 0.44 )
Slovakia 1.15 ( 0.45 )
Slovenia 1.09 ( 0.41 )
Spain 1.06 ( 0.47 )
Sweden 1.20 ( 0.41 )
United Kingdom 1.16 ( 0.38 )
 
€ per liter Diesel

Average amount in euro per one liter of Diesel. Incl.taxes & duties.
In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties.
Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Austria 0.99 ( 0.44 )
Belgium 0.95 ( 0.43 )
Bulgaria 0.85 ( 0.41 )
Cyprus 0.88 ( 0.50 )
Czech Republic 1.01 ( 0.46 )
Denmark 1.11 ( 0.49 )
Estonia 0.97 ( 0.44 )
Finland 1.00 ( 0.49 )
France 1.03 ( 0.43 )
Germany 1.12 ( 0.47 )
Greece 0.97 ( 0.51 )
Hungary 1.02 ( 0.47 )
Ireland 1.07 ( 0.47 )
Italy 1.11 ( 0.50 )
Latvia 0.93 ( 0.43 )
Lithuania 0.87 ( 0.45 )
Luxembourg 0.88 ( 0.46 )
Malta 0.96 ( 0.46 )
Netherlands 1.08 ( 0.46 )
Poland 0.88 ( 0.44 )
Portugal 1.02 ( 0.48 )
Romania 0.83 ( 0.45 )
Slovakia 1.11 ( 0.45 )
Slovenia 1.04 ( 0.41 )
Spain 0.96 ( 0.49 )
Sweden 1.09 ( 0.46 )
United Kingdom 1.18 ( 0.40 )
 
€ per liter LPG

Average amount in euro per one liter of LPG. Incl.taxes & duties.
In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties.
Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Belgium 0.49 ( 0.41 )
Bulgaria 0.48 ( 0.31 )
Czech Republic 0.46 ( 0.31 )
Estonia 0.57 ( 0.40 )
France 0.68 ( 0.51 )
Germany 0.57 ( 0.39 )
Hungary 0.61 ( 0.39 )
Italy 0.55 ( 0.33 )
Latvia 0.54 ( 0.32 )
Lithuania 0.53 ( 0.27 )
Luxembourg 0.46 ( 0.38 )
Netherlands 0.61 ( 0.44 )
Poland 0.47 ( 0.28 )
Portugal 0.59 ( 0.43 )
Romania 0.43 ( 0.29 )
Slovakia 0.45 ( 0.38 )
Slovenia 0.55 ( 0.38 )
Spain 0.49 ( 0.39 )
 
€ per liter Heating gas oil

Average amount in euro per one liter of Heating gas oil. Incl.taxes & duties. In brackets: price excl. taxes & duties.
Effective: NOV. 29, 2009
Austria 0.66 ( 0.44 )
Belgium 0.53 ( 0.42 )
Bulgaria 0.83 ( 0.39 )
Cyprus 0.69 ( 0.46 )
Czech Republic 0.57 ( 0.39 )
Denmark 1.01 ( 0.52 )
Estonia 0.60 ( 0.43 )
Finland 0.62 ( 0.43 )
France 0.60 ( 0.45 )
Germany 0.60 ( 0.44 )
Greece 0.55 ( 0.43 )
Hungary 1.02 ( 0.47 )
Ireland 0.71 ( 0.57 )
Italy 1.07 ( 0.49 )
Latvia 0.55 ( 0.43 )
Lithuania 0.55 ( 0.43 )
Luxembourg 0.46 ( 0.40 )
Malta 0.65 ( 0.45 )
Netherlands 0.71 ( 0.34 )
Poland 0.58 ( 0.42 )
Portugal 0.69 ( 0.44 )
Romania 0.78 ( 0.37 )
Slovakia 0.55 ( 0.43 )
Slovenia 0.57 ( 0.38 )
Spain 0.58 ( 0.41 )
Sweden 0.97 ( 0.41 )
United Kingdom 0.53 ( 0.39 )

What do European consumers pay for using gas and electricity?
These charts show what households pay for their energy consumption.
Ranked from least to most expensive EU member state.
– ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION – – GAS CONSUMPTION –
€ per kWh electricity
Consumption: 3500 kWh/year
(30% during nighttime)

Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of electricity for domestic consumers Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
  € per kWh electricity
Consumption: 7500 kWh/year
(30% during nighttime)

Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of electricity for domestic consumers Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
€ per kWh gas
Consumption: 500m3/year
Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of gas for domestic consumers.
Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
  € per kWh gas
Consumption: 2000m3/year
Average amount in euro per one kilowatt-hour of gas for domestic consumers.
Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
Bulgaria0.088Bulgaria0.0834Estonia0.0362Lithuania0.033
Greece0.095Estonia0.0866Bulgaria0.0373Latvia0.034
Latvia0.095Latvia0.0878Latvia0.0382Estonia 0.035
Estonia0.097Lithuania0.0950Lithuania0.0427Bulgaria0.041
Lithuania0.101Czech Rep.0.1020Romania0.0459Czech Rep.0.045
Malta0.121Greece0.1036Czech Rep.0.0522Romania0.046
Czech Rep.0.136Finland0.1172United Kingdom0.0543United Kingdom0.048
Slovenia0.147Slovenia0.1241Hungary0.0546Luxembourg0.049
Finland0.147Romania0.1345Slovakia0.0594Hungary0.050
Romania0.150Spain0.1357Poland0.0606Poland0.052
France0.157France0.1408Slovenia0.0706Slovakia0.055
Spain0.159Malta0.1417Belgium0.0789Belgium0.055
Poland0.163Poland0.1472Luxembourg0.0809France0.063
United Kingdom0.166Slovakia0.1516Spain0.0811Slovenia0.064
Hungary0.172United Kingdom0.1530Portugal0.0876Spain0.065
Cyprus0.174Cyprus0.1590France0.0879Portugal0.065
Portugal0.195Portugal0.1596Austria0.0929Ireland0.070
Austria0.203Hungary0.1634Germany0.1104Austria0.075
Belgium0.205Austria0.1710Ireland0.1395Germany0.082
Slovakia0.208Belgium0.1776Denmark0.1524Italy0.086
Ireland0.216Ireland0.1814Finlandno dataNetherlands0.124
Luxembourg0.219Italy0.2635Swedenno dataSweden0.152
Sweden0.223Denmark0.2768Italyno dataDenmark0.152
Germany0.253Germanyno dataNetherlandsno dataMaltano data
Netherlands0.283Luxembourgno dataCyprusno dataCyprusno data
Italy0.304Netherlandsno dataGreeceno dataFinlandno data
Denmark0.318Swedenno dataMaltano dataGreeceno data

What does the European industry pay for its energy?
These charts show the average electricity and gas prices for the industry.
Ranked from least to most expensive EU member state.
– ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION – – GAS CONSUMPTION –
€ per kWh electricity
Consumption: 2000 MWh/year
Maximum demand: 500 kW, annual load: 4000 hours. Luxembourg: 50% power reduction during hours of heavy loading. Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
  € per kWh electricity
Consumption: 24000 MWh/year
Maximum demand: 4000 kW, annual load: 6000 hours. Luxembourg: 50% power reduction during hours of heavy loading. Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
€ per kWh gas
Consumption: 418.6 GJ/year
418.6 gigajoule ≈ 116MWh ≈ 11000m3. Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
  € per kWh gas
Consumption: 41.86 TJ/year
41.86 terajoule ≈ 11.6GWh ≈ 1.1 million m3. Incl.taxes & duties.
Effective: Jan, '09
Bulgaria0.0798Estonia0.0581Estonia0.0275Estonia0.0263
Latvia0.0803Latvia0.0675Bulgaria0.0284Bulgaria0.0286
Sweden0.0820Sweden0.0719Latvia0.0337Latvia0.0292
Estonia0.0831Bulgaria0.0764Lithuania0.0365Lithuania0.0333
Lithuania0.0840France0.0789Czech Republic0.0411Portugal0.0353
Finland0.0896Malta0.0802Romania0.0458Czech Republic0.0354
France0.0911Lithuania0.0822Luxembourg0.0468Belgium0.0361
Poland0.0989Finland0.0837Belgium0.0506Spain0.0374
Greece0.1028Greece0.0863Poland0.0509Denmark0.0391
Spain0.1050Poland0.0894Hungary0.0518France0.0419
Czech Republic0.1174Spain0.0906Spain0.0531Slovenia0.0437
Portugal0.1174Czech Republic0.1031Portugal0.0536Poland0.0437
Slovenia0.1175Portugal0.1048France0.0559Romania0.0438
Malta0.1225Slovenia0.1057Italy0.0613Luxembourg0.0441
Luxembourg0.1370Netherlands0.1093Austria0.0670Finland0.0462
Austria0.1464Romania0.1162Sweden0.0685Italy0.0462
United Kingdom0.1487United Kingdom0.1179United Kingdom0.0706Netherlands0.0542
Belgium0.1499Austria0.1218Ireland0.0719Hungary0.0560
Slovakia0.1505Belgium0.1221Germany0.0723Sweden0.0572
Hungary0.1512Hungary0.1316Netherlands0.0837Austria0.0577
Romania0.1530Slovakia0.1369Denmark0.0903United Kingdom0.0597
Denmark0.1539Germany0.1515Sloveniano dataGermany0.0631
Netherlands0.1593Cyprus0.1572Finlandno dataIrelandno data
Germany0.1654Ireland0.1594Maltano dataMaltano data
Ireland0.1660Italy0.1668Greeceno dataGreeceno data
Cyprus0.1663Denmarkno dataSlovakiano dataSlovakiano data
Italy0.2032Luxembourgno dataCyprusno dataCyprusno data

Energy consumption by EU-member states, their net imports and dependence rate in 2008.
The most important suppliers of crude oil and natural gas were Russia (33% of oil imports and 40% of gas imports) and Norway (16% and 23% respectively).
 EU Member StateGross Energy
consumption1)
Net imports2)Energy
Dependency3)
 EU Member StateGross Energy
Consumption
Net importsEnergy
Dependency
1 Cyprus 2.6 3 100% 15 Germany 349 215.5 61.3%
2 Malta 0.9 0.9 100% 16 Finland 37.8 20.9 54.6%
3 Luxembourg 4.7 4.7 98.9% 17 EU27 1825.2 1010.1 53.8%
4 Ireland 15.5 14.2 90.9% 18 Slovenia 7.3 3.8 52.1%
5 Italy 186.1 164.6 86.8% 19 France 273.1 141.7 51.4%
6 Portugal 25.3 21.6 83.1% 20 Bulgaria 20.5 9.5 46.2%
7 Spain 143.9 123.8 81.4% 21 Netherlands 80.5 37.2 38%
8 Belgium 60.4 53.5 77.9% 22 Sweden 50.8 19.8 37.4%
9 Austria 34.1 24.9 72.9% 23 Estonia 5.4 1.9 33.5%
10 Greece 31.5 24.9 71.9% 24 Romania 40.9 11.9 29.1%
11 Latvia 4.6 3.2 65.7% 25 Czech Republic 46.2 12.9 28%
12 Lithuania 8.4 5.5 64% 26 United Kingdom 229.5 49.3 21.3%
13 Slovakia 18.8 12 64% 27 Poland 98.3 19.6 19.9%
14 Hungary 27.8 17.3 62.5% 28 Denmark 20.9 -8.1 -36.84)
1) Gross energy consumption in Million tonnes oil equivalent (Mtoe). Defined as primary production plus imports, less exports.
2) Net imports means imports minus exports.
3) Imports divided by gross consumption.
4) Denmark is a net exporter of energy.

Are the European member states meeting their Kyoto 2012 carbon dioxide(CO2) emission targets?
Countries in the green do well and emit less than their 2012 target. The countries in the red emit more than their Kyoto target.
Figures are in Megaton (Mt CO2-eq).

EU MEMBER STATE
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
KYOTO TARGET
2012
% UNDER KYOTO TARGET
  LATVIA   10,7   10,7   10,9   11,7   12,1   23,3   48,07 %
  ESTONIA   21,2   21,2   20,7   19,2   22,0   40   45,00 %
  LITHUANIA   16,7   21,1   22,6   22,8   24,7   44,1   43,99 %
  ROMANIA   NO DATA   160,1   153,7   153,9   152,3   259,9   41,40 %
  BULGARIA   NO DATA   68,9   69,8   71,5   75,7   127,3   40,53 %
  HUNGARY   83,3   79,5   80,5   78,8   75,9   114,9   33,94 %
  SLOVAKIA   51,1   49,5   48,7   49,0   47,0   67,2   30,06 %
  POLAND   382,5   396,7   399   399,3   398,9   551,7   27,70 %
  CZECH REPUBLIC   147,5   147,1   145,6   149,1   150,8   180,6   16,50 %
  SWEDEN   70,9   69,7   67   66,9   65,4   75,2   13,03 %
  UNITED KINGDOM   658   660,4   657,4   647,9   636,7   678,3   6,13 %
  FRANCE   560,9   556,1   553,4   541,7   531,1   564   5,83 %
  GREECE   137,2   137,6   139,2   128,1   131,9   139,6   5,52 %
  BELGIUM   147,6   147,6   143,8   136,6   131,3   135,9   3,38 %
  GERMANY   1024,4   1025   1001,5   980,0   956,1   972,9   1,73 %
 
% OVER KYOTO TARGET
  NETHERLANDS   215,4   218,4   212,1   208,5   207,5   200,4   -3,54 %
  PORTUGAL   83,7   84,6   85,5   84,7   81,8   77,4   -5,68 %
  IRELAND   68,4   68,6   69,9   69,7   69,2   63   -9,84 %
  FINLAND   85,4   81,2   69,3   79,9   78,3   71,1   -10,13 %
  SLOVENIA   19,7   19,9   20,3   20,5   20,7   18,6   -11,29 %
  ITALY   577,3   580,5   582,2   563,0   552,8   485,7   -13,82 %
  DENMARK   73,6   68,2   63,9   71,0   66,6   54,8   -21,53 %
  AUSTRIA   92,5   91,2   93,3   91,6   88,0   68,7   -28,09 %
  SPAIN   407,4   425,2   440,6   433,0   442,3   331,6   -33,38 %
  LUXEMBOURG   11,3   12,8   12,7   13,3   12,9   9,1   -41,76 %
  MALTA   3,1   3,2   3,4   2,9   3,0   NO TARGET  
  CYPRUS   9,2   9,9   9,9   9,9   10,1   NO TARGET  

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) pollutes the air primarily as a result of road traffic. Similar to CO2, Nitrogen dioxide is produced by fossil fuel combustion processes.

These maps show results of satellite measurements over Europe.
They illustrate nitrogen dioxide as large scale pollutant, with rural background ground level concentrations in some areas around 30 µg/m³.
Long-term exposure to NO2 at concentrations of >= 40 µg/m³ will cause danger to people's health.
2004 2006



renewable energy
The EU is working to reduce the effects of climate change and establish a common energy policy.
By 2020 renewable energy should account for 20% of the EU's final energy consumption (9,2% in 2006).
Consult the member state's renewable energy(RE) factsheets or browse through any of the latest charts.


energy statistics
Statistics of energy consumption, production, reserves and more, ranked by country. Continuously updated to represent the latest data available.

depletion stats
Non-renewable energy sources, do, as their name suggests, run out.
Apart from their impact on global warming, they are finite. Based on the data we have today, we can predict the moment they are actually exhausted. Putting a date on these energy sources underscores the world's need for true sustainable energy sources.
Natural Gas (in cubic meters)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009: 174436171550404
World usage per second: 92653
Estimated date of exhaustion: 07:19 Sep 12, 2068
Oil (in barrels)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009: 1206780968626
World usage per second: 986
Estimated date of exhaustion: 16:36 Oct 22, 2047
Coal (in metric tonnes)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009: 841086192000
World usage per second: 203
Estimated date of exhaustion: 15:35 May 19, 2140
Uranium (in metric tonnes U-235)
Total world reserves Jan. 1st 2009: 18096
World usage per second: 0.0000042222017
Estimated date of exhaustion: 19:56 Nov 28, 2144


european energy saving tips and hints
  TOP 10     HEATING     LAUNDRY     LIGHTING     COOKING     REFRIGERATING     CARS     HOUSES     OFFICES  

Download the latest, key publications by the EU, related to energy and the environment. PDF Format.
TITLE AUTHOR(S) PUBLICATION
Photovotaic Solar Energy - Development and current research (size: 5.5Mb) DG-TREN 2009
More efficient cleaning concepts for stepping up availability of lignite-fired power plants (Ligpower) (size: 5.2Mb) EC & DG for Research 2009
Renewable electricity — Make the switch (size: 3.7Mb) EC & DG-TREN 2009
Nuclear energy research - The sustainability challenge (size: 2.0Mb) EC & DG for Research 2009
Energy and environment report 2008 (size: 4.9Mb) EEA 2009
Biofuels: Topping up the fuel mix (size: 6.2Mb) EC, DG-TREN & EACI 2008
A new scheme for the promotion of renewable energies in developing countries (size: 1.2Mb) EC & Joint Research Centre 2008
European energy and transport - Trends to 2030 : update 2007 (size: 3.3Mb) EC & DGTREN 2008
Biofuels in the European context - Facts, uncertainties and recommendations (size: 0.5Mb) EC & Joint Research Centre 2008
LIFE and endangered plants - conserving Europe's threatened flora (size: 8.1Mb) EC & DG for Environment 2008
EU environment-related indicators 2008 (size: 0.5Mb) EC & DG for Environment 2008
Statistics on the electricity and gas markets (size: 1.0Mb) EC & EuroStat 2008
Renewables make the difference (size: 0.4Mb) EC & DG-TREN 2008
Towards a "post-carbon society" (size: 2.4Mb) EC & DG for Research 2008
2020 vision, saving our energy (size: 1.8Mb) EC & DG-TREN 2007
An efficient, sustainable and secure supply of energy for Europe (size: 4.7Mb) European Investment Bank 2007
ENERGY, economic, social and policy-oriented research in Europe (size: 0.4Mb) EC & Directorate-General for Research 2007
EU energy policy and the EIB (size: 0.4Mb) European Investment Bank 2007
Energy - Yearly statistics 2005 (size: 1.3Mb) European Commission & Eurostat 2007
Energy corridors - European Union and neighbouring countries (size: 1.6Mb) EC & Directorate-General for Research 2007
Energy research in 7th framework programme (size: 1.1Mb) EC & Directorate-General for Research 2007
LIFE and Energy - Innovative solutions for efficient energy in Europe (size: 4.0Mb) EC & Directorate-General for Environment 2007
Latest development of energy service companies across Europe (size: 1.2Mb) European Commission & Joint Research Centre 2007
You control climate change. Make a pledge! (size: 0.5Mb) EC & Directorate-General for Environment 2007
Electricity from renewable energy sources (size: 0.3Mb) European Commission & IEEA 2006
Energy production and distribution enterprises in the EU (size: 0.1Mb) European Commission & Eurostat 2006
Fusion for energy - A new European organisation (size: 0.2Mb) EC & Directorate-General for Research 2006

There are literally hundreds on EU directives related to energy. In this section you'll find some of the most important ones.
You might consider these directives a must read for anyone involved in the energy industry.
- Energy Efficiency / Renewables
C(2009) 5174 National RE Action Plans under Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.
2009/28/EC On the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources.
COM(2006) 105 final Green paper - A European Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy.
SEC(2006) 317/2 Green paper Annex - What is at stake, a background document.
COM(2008) 30 final 20 20 by 2020 Europe's climate change opportunity.
C(2006) 6817Establishing harmonised efficiency reference values for separate production of electricity and heat.
2004/8/ECOn the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market.
2005/32/ECA framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-using products.
2006/32/ECOn energy end-use efficiency and energy services.
98/11/ECImplementing Council Directive 92/75/EEC with regard to energy labelling of household lamps.
106/2008On a Community energy-efficiency labelling programme for office equipment.
2002/91/ECOn the energy performance of buildings.
Fossil Fuels
1775/2005On conditions for access to the natural gas transmission networks.
2006/67/ECImposing an obligation on Member States to maintain minimum stocks of crude oil and/or petroleum products.
2003/55/ECConcerning common rules for the internal market in natural gas.
2004/67/ECConcerning measures to safeguard security of natural gas supply.
CE 2003/405Concerning Community monitoring of imports of hard coal originating in third countries.
Competition
2005/89/ECConcerning measures to safeguard security of electricity supply and infrastructure investment.
1228/2003On conditions for access to the network for cross-border exchanges in electricity.
COM(2008) 192 reportProgress in creating the internal gas and electricity market.
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